Checkride Questions/Answers3
1. How does the nose gear of a Cessna and a Piper differ?
2. Under what circumstance might full pressure on a Piper (fully operational) brake prove ineffective?
3. How high is an FAA tree?
4. How does a Warning Area differ from those in a Restricted area?
5. How do the Sectional representation of Federal and State Game Reserves differ in their presentation?
6. Why is there a yellow line down the middle of taxiways?
7. How can flying direct to a VOR kill you?
8.What is the significance of flights over 50 nautical miles?
9.What is the difference between true course and true heading?

Answer
1. The Cessna nose gear is steerable by means of the rudder pedals through springs. This is only when the strut is depressed. In flight, the Cessna nose gear hangs down and aligns with the relative wind. This means the wheel is aligned with the direction of travel (runway) in a crosswind landing even in a cross-control condition. The Piper nose gear is directly linked to the rudder and rudder pedals both in air and on the ground. In a crosswind landing the cross-control approach with the Piper results in the nose wheel being at an angle to the runway. Any Piper crosswind landing must be initially on one main wheel only. The nose wheel must be straightened before making ground contact.
2. The Piper has a cabin support bar across the cockpit just above the rudder pedals. Inadvertent placement of the toes above the pedal toe-stops can bring the feet into contact with this bar. In this situation neither steering or braking is possible.(Hand brake still works)
3.The FAA obstacle clearance altitude used for short-field takeoffs is 50'. After liftoff and climb at Vx a C-150 can reach 50' by the time you count to ten.
4. The only difference is that Warning Areas exist over international waters that cannot be restricted from international travel. The hazards of each are identical.
5. Federal minimum altitudes are 2000' AGL. This is shown in a presentation on the margin of the sectional. State's minimums are 2000' AGL. This is shown near each reserve in magenta. Some of these altitudes are
mandatory while others are recommended. Violations can cost the value of a $50,000 airplane. Watch out.
6. The yellow centerline is a suggestion that an aircraft should taxi in the middle of the taxiway. You have a
form of guarantee that you will not hit anything while on the yellow line.
7. CCR VOR as an example of this hazard to your survival. It can be received from behind Mt. Diablo in such a manner as to fly the unaware aircraft into the mountain.
8. Cross-country flights over 50 miles are logged as cross-country if landing is made when required for ratings. Otherwise, log flights to airports regardless of distance as cross-country. 50 of over 50 mile flight hours required to take IFR practical test after getting private rating. When you fly go over 50 miles every chance you can until you get your raitings.
9. Wind correction angle

Checkride Questions/Answers4
1. Explain how aircraft performance differs between Vx and Vy.
2. When can a private pilot accept money from passengers?
3. Explain the function of the magenta/blue tint areas of the sectional.
4. Where can you find an aircraft's true airspeed?
5. What limitation is placed on night SVFR?
6. What is the meaning of an airport beacon operating in the daytime?
7. Define the following and give the actual airspeeds for the aircraft used: Vso, Vx, Vy, Va, Vne
8. Where can you find pressure altitude?
9. What are basic VFR minimums within 1200' of the surface in uncontrolled airspace? Day vs night
10. What is the VFR minimum in Class D airspace? How do you tell if not VFR?
11. What is the discrete use of the following frequencies? 121.5; 122,0; 122.2, 126.2 122.95
Answers
1. Vx clears an obstacle in shorter distance but does not gain as much height in time. Vy gains most altitude over given time.
2. Only to share expenses.
3. These transition areas become effective when weather is below VFR minimums. If unable to maintain 1000' above, 500' below or 3 mile visibility, the non-IFR flight is required to descend to within 700' AGL/magenta areas or 1200' AGL blue (all other) areas and maintain 1-mile clear of clouds. This assures IFR flights safe clearances. (A special transition area exists northwest of Ukiah with set altitudes from 7500 to 9500 which avoids the up and down terrain avoidance required by the 700/1200 foot transition areas.
4. You find true airspeed (TAS) in the aircraft flight manual (AFM) or the Pilots Operating Handbook (POH)
5. The pilot must be IFR current in IFR airplane. CCR tower says that night SVFR would be permitted in the Class Delta airspace if you could enter or leave the airspace in required night VFR conditions.
6. An airport rotating beacon operating in day time indicates that the weather below VFR minimums and a, SVFR clearance is required for VFR aircraft.
7.Vso is Minimum safe operating speed. Vx is best angle of climb speed. Vy is best rate of climb speed.
Vne is redline or never exceed speed..
8. Pressure altitude is found when you set the altimeter to 29.92
9. Basic day VFR minimums are 1-mile clear of clouds in day transition areas; otherwise it is 3 mile 500/1000,2000 day or night t unless in the pattern 1/2 mile of airport.
10. Class D VFR minimums are 1000 ceiling, 3 mile visibility, as given by ATIS. Below minimums during the day are shown by the rotating beacon..
11. Radio frequencies for: Emergency is 121.5; Flight Watch is 122.0; Universal FSS frequency is 122.2; Military Towers 126.2, Controlled Airport Unicom is 122.95.

Checkride Question/Answers5
1. What can we do to avoid vertigo?
2. What is required if you fail a written test for first time?
3. What is the definition of a complex aircraft?
4. How can the differences between adding power to an automobile and an airplane get you into trouble?
5. Why does the trim seem to work backwards?
6. What is meant by the stabilized approach?
7. What aspect of your flight training and technique will "break down" during the flight test, if not part of your usual practice?
8. How should you use excess airspeed in the event of an engine failure emergency?
9. How do high density altitudes change your indicated approach speed for landings?
10. How do you determine the dimensions and limitations of a prohibited, restricted, or alert area.
11. What is basic VFR minimums above/below 10,000' in controlled airspace?

Answer
1. Vertigo sensations cannot be prevented; they can be ignored. You don't appreciate the trained will power required to ignore vertigo until you have had it.
2. No wait, get a new instructor sign-off to take test.
3. Constant speed propeller, flaps retractable gear.
4. Power alone will decrease an aircraft's airspeed by inducing a climb.
5. Raising the wheel lowers the nose.
6. Hands-off flight approach on glide path and at airspeed.
7. Use of a checklist is the first thing you lose under stress.
8. In an engine failure use any excess airspeed to gain altitude a hundred feed can make a 'world' of difference.
9. IAS should be the same for every landing. Apparent ground speeds can vary according to wind and density altitude. Flare is better made closer to the ground the higher the density altitude due to decreased ground effect.
10. Refer to the sectional upper margin; call a Flight Service Station. Refer to Airport/Facilities Directory.
11. Cloud clearance requires above ten-thousand feet is 1000 above 1000 below 1 mile lateral with 5-mile visibility; Basic cloud clearance below 10,000' is 1000 above 500 below 2000 lateral with-3 mile visibility;

Checkride Question/Answers6
1. No person may pilot an aircraft, with or without passengers, unless his logbook contains an endorsement that he has satisfactorily passed a flight review within the past _________ months. FAR 61.56(c)
2. Requirements for pilot carrying passengers FAR 61.57
Daytime_______ Nighttime _______
3. What documents must be on board the aircraft at all times. FAR 91.203, and 91.9 and Federal Communications Commission.
4. Discuss use of radar services for AIM 4-16

Answer
1. 61.56 (c)... Since the beginning of the 24th calendar month before the month in which that pilot acts a pilot in command.
2. 61.57 (c) General experience. No person may act as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers, ...unless within the preceding 90 days, he has made three takeoffs and three landings as the sole manipulator of the flight controls in an aircraft of the same category and class.... If the aircraft is a tailwheel airplane, the landings must have been made to a full stop in a tailwheel airplane.
61.57 (d) Night experience. No person may act as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise unless, within the preceding 90 days, he has made at least three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop during that period in the category and class of aircraft to be used.
3. 91.203 Civil aircraft: Certifications required.
(a) ...no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it has within it the following:
(1) An appropriate and current airworthiness certificate.
(2) An effective U.S. registration certificate issued to its owner or, for operation within the United States, the second duplicate copy (pink) of the Aircraft Registration Application as provided for in Sec 47.31(b)

(b) No person may operate a civil aircraft unless the airworthiness certificate required by paragraph (a) of the section... is displayed at the cabin or in cockpit entrance so that it is legible to passengers or crew.
91.9 Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and placard requirements
(a) ...no person may operate a civil aircraft without complying with the operating limitations specified in the approved Airplane Flight Manual, markings, and placards...
(b) No person may operate a U. S. -registered civil aircraft -
(1) For which an Airplane Flight Manual is required by Sec. 21.5 of this chapter, unless there is available in the aircraft a current approved Airplane Flight Manual...
(2) For which an Airplane Flight Manual is not requires by Sec. 21.5 of this chapter, unless there is available in the aircraft a current approved Airplane flight Manual, approved manual material, markings and placards, or any combination thereof.
(c) No person may operate a U. S. -registered civil aircraft unless that aircraft is identified in accordance with part 45 of this chapter.

RADIO The Federal Communications Commission must issue a radio station license specific to the aircraft or organization (group license). A copy of that license is required to be aboard the aircraft at all times. There is no longer a required radio license for the pilot in the United States. Such a license may be required in countries outside the U. S.

4. AIM 4-16 TERMINAL RADAR PROGRAMS FOR VFR AIRCRAFT MUST BE READ IN ENTIRETY

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