Fourth Flight
Fourth flight to original nearby airport planned. Student well prepared except for failure to fully follow suggested four column radio list. Instructor agrees to help with navigational radios. File tower en route. Student flies entire flight with light control touch. ILS flown down to 400 foot level in near hands off condition. Never out of doughnut down to minimums. Student ecstatic.

Storm conditions so decided to give student first actual with repeat of previous flight to OAK. Included necessity of planning for possible RADAR failure by putting in all VOR radials of intersecting airways with flight path planned. Found student did not know how to use FSS system for getting weather information or taped flight filing. Filed flight. At aircraft discussed weather and possibility that runway 9 might be used at OAK. Spent time preparing for this possibility. Sure enough runway in use at OAK is 9. We depart and are soon in IFR and turbulence. Gear HORN starts blaring in rain. Student has had prior experience with this problem so not as bothered as much as is instructor. Fly to VOR but get no reversal even though quick sighting of ground indicates that we are past VOR. Put student on heading for SAU VOR at 4000. Moderate turbulence.

Request return to APC of ATC. Left turn approved and heading given that will get us to SGD VOR. ATC clears and requires hold at SGD. Turbulent. Request lower of ATC. Unable but will allow higher. Z-level 5000. Reject and proceed to SGD. Hole opens which allows VFR descent to ground. Cancel IFR and proceed out of 4000 for 600' in VFR. Request special VFR approach to APC. Clearance given and told to enter left downwind 24. Entry made and uneventful landing made. Student unaware that IFR could be canceled when VFR exists. Other aircraft in area were making similar decisions. IFR to SGD and full approach would have involved at least 20-30 minutes of turbulence.

Fifth Flight
Flight to planned to scene of turn coordinator failure. Student well prepared except for failure to fully follow suggested four column radio list. Preflight made without checklist. Corrected student. Turned on master so as to see radio frequencies and made dry run through all frequencies and OBS settings as sequenced in flight. Filed tower en route APC-STS. Checked instruments during taxi. Good clearance copy. Instructor took off to show student about lift off with stall warner going ..no flaps. Student usually uses 10 degrees. Instructor agrees to help with navigational radios. Student under hood, good track to SGD VOR. Good track outbound. Good altitude holding. Slowed up to 90 prior to Coati. Good ILS intercept airspeed and descent. Student flies entire flight with light control touch. Slight loss of heading below 1000'. Instructor made several re-settings of heading bug to help student hold required wind corrections. Approach almost hands off down to 400'. Never out of doughnut down to minimums. Student ecstatic. Instructor hit wrong button at marker so no time. Full stop.

Sixth Flight
Worked student on ground through artificial MYV approach, missed and holding. Instructor rewrote procedure to use APC and PYE SAU VOR's. We departed STS visually and did procedure visually. Surprised to find that student was uncertain about flight restricted area only 5 miles from his home airport. On simulated missed student failed to maintain Vy speed so 180 was necessary to clear flight restricted area. Aircraft has auto-seeking VOR which works funny and makes it difficult to use to determine intersections. Had to reverse usually sequence of VOR use. Student did excellent job intercepting and tracking to holding fix. Did two near perfect holds. Direct to SGD at 3500 and proceeded outbound to do practice procedure turn. Good. Student ecstatic.

Turned home on inbound leg for 45 entry. Student left gear and flaps down even though 10 miles out. Instructor decided to demonstrate efficient arrival. Full bore out of 3500 for 1000 PA at APC. 140 K. Steep downwind turn 120 knots gear down. Numbers, flaps down. High on final. Slowed to 50 knots until 60 on very short final. Could have made first turn off. Student tends to fly inefficiently. Rides brakes.

Seventh Flight
Student indicates that he is not feeling all that well but is ready to fly. VFR pop-up to Travis for LDA at CCR after getting ATIS at OAK and CCR. Needs practice making simultaneous descent and intercept. ATC brought in too close. Every bump (turbulence) causes him to freeze yoke and lose heading. Using 32, circle to land. Fair approach, good on time. 17 kt crosswind. Crab type landing poor. Instructor demonstrates wing low cross control landing. Perfect.

Tower en route to OAK. Student having difficulty tracking to VOR because of strong winds. Misses frequency change--Instructor covers- Reports VOR by stepping on someone--instructor covers but ATC misses. ATC tries to fly us back to VOR but instructor complains and we get handoff to Bay Approach.

Heading of 140 to correct for wind but Heading indicator off by 20 degrees so track is off. Instructor resets and ATC gives heading of 120. Cleared for approach. Good read back. Asked by ATC to maintain above 100 kts on approach or take 360 for faster traffic. Instructor opts for 120 kt approach. Student does good job for first time at that speed. Slight turbulence on ILS. At each bump student freezes on yoke and loses heading, otherwise o.k. Good landing into wind. At lunch discuss crosswind landing techniques and Dutch roll as required skill.

Depart OAK VFR and practice Dutch rolls. At APC request x-wind runway. 60 degrees at 14 kts according to ATIS. Student having difficulty getting aircraft slowed to approach speed of 70 kts and trimmed. 10 degrees of flap. Instructor approves because of winds. Turns final and wind proceeds to blow student off runway alignment. Student unable to hold sufficient rudder to keep nose straight with runway even though instructor straightens nose at least three times. Wing not kept low enough to slip over to runway. Instructor takes over at 300' and completes landing. Good. Student needs basic crosswind instruction.

Eighth Flight
Discussed with student all procedures, plates and frequencies for flight APC-SCK. Student does not use checklist for preflight. Showed some preflight techniques regarding flaps and oil. Very receptive. Pre-start use of checklist o.k. but had to suggest use of IFR checklist. Departed APC VFR. Instructor demonstrated soft field takeoff since student seemed unfamiliar. Flew to SCK VFR at 3500. Went through all IFR intersections and use of radios but no communications. Spent time showing student that he could make frequency changes while holding headings. Had student perform difference activities while holding heading.

Instructor made steep turn on radial to demonstrate how VOR needle would remain centered regardless of aircraft heading. Had student set up hold at ORANGE, Student obviously unfamiliar with doubling outbound wind correction. Had to make several patterns while demonstrating and performing.

Contacted SCK Approach and obtained clearance for ILS after holding at compass locator. Made three turns but ATC seemed to confuse our outbound with our inbound and cleared us for a straight in from 3000'. Very difficult and confusing but student managed intercept at half mile final. Full flaps and power off. After missed we asked for another ILS. Accepted vectors and student made acceptable ILS approach except for some initial difficulty keeping needle in doughnut. Student spends too much time re-setting heading bug. Instructor suggests setting heading from plate and making wind corrections to either side.

Execute missed and fly direct to VOR. ATC assigns 3000 but student persists in climbing at too low a speed so we are at VOR as we reach altitude. This necessitates acquiring approach speed while outbound teardrop heading and timing all at same time. Very difficult. We have exceptionally strong cross winds. On turn to inbound heading 60 degree intercept required. Intercept at station passage and proceeded outbound on heading with guessed wind correction. Inbound wind correction insufficient and again intercept at passage.

ATC advises extending outbound 5 miles for traffic spacing and at 2 miles re-suggests that we turn inbound and cleared for approach. We are at 3000'. Initiate descent to 1600 and then to 1300. Fortunately find wind correction so we make good intercept. Student makes good descent to altitude and good time. 20 seconds early to runway. Strong winds. Student exhausted. Student has had very little understanding or work on holding patterns. Depart VFR and student sets up OAKEY intersection holding west in right patterns as planned previously. Student makes reasonably good intercept and turn to teardrop entry. Needs practice.

Proceed direct to APC for straight in 24. Go over radio callup with student but he is exhausted. No cross wind even though ATIS says so. Student still grasps yoke tightly and jerks it back and forth on landing. Needs work on what makes good landings. Post flight discussion covers doubling outbound headings. NDB procedures. Plan to refly flight after student has played tapes.

Ninth Flight
Had to suggest use of IFR checklist. Setting clocks. Departed direct from APC to CCR VOR. Climbed to 3500 and did LDA complete route with procedure turn at 3500. Contacted approach and requested LDA, VOR and NDB. Radar vectors for LDA. Good intercept but had to execute missed at reservoir. Student needs work on missed. Freezes on yoke. Had not studied missed. Instructional error.

Radar vectors for VOR. Instructor had to suggest getting ready for approach with plates and time set. Good intercept but 13 miles out. Descend to 1000'. Told to contact tower Tower requires 1500'. Student confused and indicates that he is already at 1000. Told to climb to 1500. Good approach and good time. Kept well centered except at end. Missed still a problem. Told by tower to head north east instead of to VOR. Student again advised to get NDB ready. ATC flies us miles out of our way. (forgot us??) Given reciprocal course and intercept NDB after ATC discovers they have been vectoring for VOR. Excellent tracking of NDB but have to maintain 1500. Good time and heading hold. Return to APC VFR. Practice radio callup but student exhausted. Demonstrate flight down runway at 5' for long landing. Student performed well considering he was not feeling well. Instructor suggested no future flights unless student in 100%. Student still flying with top half of turn coordinator covered. Test set for April 9.

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